Yes. A few manufacturers make them. The one we install the most is Moen Flo. It detects abnormal flow patterns, sends you an alert and shuts the water off.
We also install a lot of Floodstops which are single point of use units (they can be daisy chained) on water heaters and clothe washers. Mostly when those fixtures are located in second floors or condos.
There are other more complicated fully wired systems that actually detect water at points of use, but they're very expensive to purchase and install.
I believe that many insurance companies will give you a discount for installing a leak detection system.