If you are talking about ice, the dedicated ice melt products have less sodium chloride, and use a blend of calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, and assorted wonder ingredients. They usually state that they are safe for concrete which is at least 1 year old...used in moderation.
The crumbling state of bridges etc in the northeast is due in part to all the salt used on the roads in years past. It got in, rusted the rebar, which spalled the concrete.