I can't tell you how to fix the well. Others may suggest something about that. If you can't fix the well, your choices with the stuff in the water are as follows:
1. Live with it in your water, or
2. Remove it from the water.
Filters tend to concentrate the suspended solids in the water. You may find that they are not objectionable at the concentration they come from the well.
You might want to get the stuff analyzed to see what it is.
If you want to remove it, then you need to filter it. What you need to filter it depends on how fine it is.
If you are going to use a filter, you should determine what you want to remove, and determine how much of it the filter will remove. No practical filter removes everything, and the filters are usually rated by what percentage of a particular size particle they remove.
There are two options.
1. A granular filter (such as sand or other granular material) that is backwashed to remove the collected material. A swimming pool filter is an example of such a filter. There are others that are usually used for potable water. Municipal systems usually use granular filters with special coagulants and produce very high quality water. Household systems usually don't use coagulants.
2. Cartridge filters can remove particles down to about one micron, depending on the selected filter. That is important if you are removing pathogens, but less important if you are removing suspended solids coming from a deep well.
I use cartridge filters for surface water treatment systems. There is one very important principle when using filters. Increasing the surface area increases the capacity of each cartridge. If you double the surface area, you will get 3 to 4 times the life between changes. That is because the lower flow rate through each cartridge allows it to collect more dirt before the pressure loss increases to the limit of your system.
Applying that rule (using a factor of 3 for doubling area), if you double the size or number of your cartridges, your two weeks of life should go to 6 weeks, and if you make it 4 times your current area you should get a life of about 18 weeks (4 months). You will have cut your cartridge cost by 55% and the number of times you enter the crawl space to about 1/9 of your current crawls.
To simplify plumbing, I install filter systems that use more or larger cartridges in one housing. A convenient size for household use, where more area is required, is a 20" long "Big Blue" size cartridge. The cartridge is 4.5 inches diameter. Big Blue is a brand name of Ametek but I use a less expensive generic brand of housing.
There are different points of view on this forum regarding filters and I'm sure you will hear the other side.
