The main thing is that the waterproofing layer slopes at least 1/4 inch per foot towards the drain. Having it in the center makes it so your shower floor is the the least thickness possible.
Let's say your shower was 6ft wide and 4 ft deep.
Let's say your current drain is 2 ft from both nearest walls. That puts it at 4.47 ft from the furthest wall (2^2 + 4^2 = 20, then square root 20). So your floor would have to be 1.07 inches thicker than at your drain to keep the minimum slope (4.47 ft * 0.25 inches per ft).
I'd you moved it to center, that would put the drain at 2 ft deep, and 3 ft lengthwise. Redoing the calcs, the drain would now be 3.6 ft from all corners (2^2 + 3^2 = 13, then square root 13). That makes the floor at your corners (since you're in the center, this would be all corners) needing to be 0.9 inches thicker than at your drain.
Change dimensions as needed.
If you want curb less, you are going to cut into the slab to drop the shower floor? Or are you going to raise the existing bathroom floor?
So you plan on having the shower head and faucet on the exterior wall on the right?