I'm curious, do you have well water or city water? If city water is it lake/reservoir water or groundwater? If you have city water there should be an analysis report (usually on line) of your water chemical tests. I'd be worry about any fittings behind the walls? If you have chlorine (pool chlorine or bleach) stored nearby, the chlorine gas will cause corrosion.
Found this on a google search. Leaching of zinc. The most common example is selective leaching of zinc from brass alloys containing more than 15% zinc (
dezincification) in the presence of oxygen and moisture, e.g. from brass taps in chlorine-containing water. ...
Dezincification can be caused by water containing sulfur, carbon dioxide, and oxygen. It only happens on brass, not copper.
However, this looks like residue from the sweat joint. It is on the copper only and not the brass fitting. It seems to only be where the solder is and where solder flux may have run when it was heated and I've seen this in my own homes. Take a Brillo or SOS pad and clean it up and look for what Dana described. If it comes out nice and shiny keep an eye on it for a while. The picture Dana shows looks different and pitted but it is still copper, not brass.