It very much depends on two things:
- how flat the back of the tile is
- how flat the substrate is
The less flat things are, the more thinset you need to ensure that there's full coverage without either voids, or rocking over a high point. FWIW, a typical thinset should not exceed 3/16" final depth after the notches are flattened and the tile is set. Setting the tile (should) flatten the mortar into a continuous, flat sheet with full contact between the substrate and the tile. To check how you're doing, pop an occasional tile back up after setting and verify coverage. If you don't have good coverage, you then have to determine if it was not enough thinset, or poor technique actually setting the tile.
The bond doesn't get stronger with a thicker layer as long as there's proper coverage. Excess mortar tends to shrink and crack, making for a poor bond.